Eddy Current Tester for Precise Non-Destructive Testing

ERW 탄소강 튜브 밀

Tube Mill Machine Compose

콜드롤 성형기

스틸 코일 슬리팅 라인

탄소강 코일 슬리팅 라인

길이에 맞춰 절단된 강철 코일 라인

보조 장비 및 예비 부품

eddy current machine

The Eddy Current Flaw Detector is a high-sensitivity non-destructive testing (NDT) device that uses electromagnetic induction to detect surface and near-surface defects in conductive materials. In welded pipe production lines, it is typically used for online or offline inspection of weld seams to detect cracks, pores, incomplete fusion, inclusions, and other flaws.

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1. Basic Principle

Electromagnetic Induction:
The eddy current flaw detector uses a probe coil energized with high-frequency alternating current (AC), which generates an alternating magnetic field.
Eddy Current Generation:
When a conductive material (e.g., a welded steel pipe) passes through the coil, the changing magnetic field induces circulating electrical currents on the material’s surface—these are called eddy currents.
Defect Disturbance:
In defect-free material, eddy currents flow uniformly. If cracks, pores, inclusions, or lack of fusion exist, they disturb the electrical or magnetic properties, altering the eddy current distribution.
Signal Detection & Analysis:
These disturbances affect the coil's impedance (voltage, current, phase), which is amplified, filtered, and analyzed by the system’s electronics. The result appears as signals on a display for interpretation.

2. Functions and Applications

Weld Seam Inspection: Detects defects such as cracks, lack of fusion, porosity, and inclusions.
품질 관리: Ensures product quality and reduces scrap rate.
Automatic Sorting: Can be linked with rejection systems to automatically remove defective pipes.
High-Speed Detection: Suitable for high-speed production lines.
Non-Contact Detection: No physical contact with the pipe, reducing wear and tear.

3. Basic Specifications (Typical)

Item	Specification
Pipe Diameter Range	Ø5 mm – Ø120 mm
Testing Speed	Up to 120 m/min
Operating Frequency	100 kHz – 1 MHz (adjustable)
Sensitivity	Detects cracks smaller than Ø0.2 mm
Output Interfaces	Alarm relay / RS485 / Ethernet
Probe Types	Encircling coil, pancake coil, etc.
Display & Control	Industrial touchscreen or PC software

4. Main Components

High-Frequency Power Supply: Generates excitation current for the probe.
Eddy Current Probe (Coil): Induces and detects eddy current changes.
Signal Amplifier & Processor: Amplifies and filters detection signals.
Alarm Unit: Provides audio/visual alerts for defects.
Display and Control Panel: Interface for monitoring and parameter adjustment.
Mechanical Fixture: Holds and positions the probe relative to the pipe.

5.Application in Welded Pipe Equipment

Post-Weld Inspection:
The eddy current tester is installed after the welding stage but before sizing, to inspect weld seams in real time.
Continuous Online Testing:
As the pipe moves through an encircling coil probe, the device continuously scans the weld area for flaws.
Real-Time Alarm and Rejection:
When a defect is detected, the system triggers an alarm and can activate an automated rejection mechanism to remove the defective pipe.

6. Operating Procedure

Installation & Calibration
- Install the probe on the production line (typically after welding).
- Adjust probe-to-pipe gap for optimal sensitivity.
Parameter Setup
- Set frequency, gain, and filters according to pipe size and material.
- Calibrate using standard defect samples.
Start Testing
- Start both the flaw detector and production line.
- The system performs real-time inspection of the pipe surface and weld seam.
Defect Alarm & Handling
- If a flaw is detected, the system triggers an alarm.
- Defective pipes are automatically rejected via a mechanical system.
Data Recording & Analysis
- Test data can be saved for traceability.
- Statistical reports can be generated for quality improvement.

7. Factors Affecting Test Performance

Operating Frequency:
High frequencies detect surface flaws; lower frequencies penetrate deeper.
Material Type:
Different conductivity and magnetic permeability affect eddy current response.
Probe Design:
Must match pipe diameter and weld location.
Speed & Stability:
High-speed operation requires stable signal acquisition and precise mechanical setup.

🔁 Summary

The core principle of eddy current testing is:
“Defects disturb eddy currents → Eddy currents alter coil impedance → Electrical signal changes are detected and analyzed.”
It is a non-contact, high-speed, and highly sensitive method ideal for inline weld inspection in pipe manufacturing.

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